Agreement as Alibi: The Long History of Demanding Buy-In Before Acting
The demand for consensus before action is rarely what it presents itself as. Throughout recorded history, leaders who have required broad agreement from subordinates before proceeding have typically been engaged in one of two activities: delaying a decision they feared, or constructing a distribution of responsibility that would protect them when the decision failed. The modern corporate ritual of 'alignment' and 'stakeholder buy-in' is the latest iteration of a practice that Roman senators woul